The branch of immunology deals with the interactions between the immune system and cancer cells (also called tumours or malignancies) is called as Cancer Immunology. It is a field of research that aims to discover cancer immunotherapies to treat and retard progression of the disease. Cancer immunotherapy also be called as Immune-oncology is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies can be characterized as active, passive or hybrid (active and passive). The immune response forms the basis of targeted therapy (such as vaccines and antibody therapies) and tumour marker-based diagnostic tests.